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How can I call FORTRAN?
How can I call FORTRAN? Q: How can I call FORTRAN (C++, BASIC, Pascal, Ada, LISP) functions from C? (And vice versa?) A: The answer is entirely dependent on the machine and the specific calling sequences of the various compilers in use, and may not be possible at all. Read your compiler documentatio... 2015-01-12, 1175👍, 0💬

What is a good data structure to use for storing lines of text?
What's a good data structure to use for storing lines of text? I started to use fixed-size arrays of arrays of char, but they're just too restrictive. One good way of doing this is with a pointer (simulating an array) to a set of pointers (each simulating an array) of char. This data structure is so... 2015-02-25, 1174👍, 0💬

I am trying to use the ANSI stringizing preprocessing operator ...
I'm trying to use the ANSI ``stringizing'' preprocessing operator `#' to insert the value of a symbolic constant into a message, but it keeps stringizing the macro's name rather than its value. It turns out that the definition of # says that it's supposed to stringize a macro argument immediately, w... 2015-12-16, 1169👍, 0💬

Can I use base-2 constants (something like 0b101010)? Is there a printf format for binary?
Can I use base-2 constants (something like 0b101010)? Is there a printf format for binary? No, on both counts, although there are various preprocessor tricks you can try. You can convert base-2 string representations to integers with strtol. If you need to print numbers out in base 2, . 2015-02-13, 1167👍, 0💬

What is hashing?
What is hashing? Hashing is the process of mapping strings to integers, usually in a relatively small range. A ``hash function'' maps a string (or some other data structure) to a bounded number (the ``hash bucket'') which can more easily be used as an index in an array, or for performing repeated co... 2015-01-07, 1165👍, 0💬

How do I set variables to, or test for IEEE NaN?
How do I set variables to, or test for IEEE NaN (``Not a Number'') and other special values? Many systems with high-quality IEEE floating-point implementations provide facilities (e.g. predefined constants, and functions like isnan(), either as nonstandard extensions in &lt;math.h> or perhaps in... 2015-06-21, 1164👍, 0💬

How can I direct output to the printer?
How can I direct output to the printer? Under Unix, either use popen to write to the lp or lpr program, or perhaps open a special file like /dev/lp. Under MS-DOS, write to the (nonstandard) predefined stdio stream stdprn, or open the special files PRN or LPT1. Under some circumstances, another (and ... 2015-04-22, 1164👍, 0💬

How can I clear the screen? How can I print text in color? How can I move the cursor to a specific x, y position?
How can I clear the screen? How can I print text in color? How can I move the cursor to a specific x, y position? Such things depend on the terminal type (or display) you're using. You will have to use a library such as termcap, terminfo, or curses, or some system-specific routines, to perform these... 2015-04-27, 1162👍, 0💬

Why doesnt C have nested functions?
Why doesnt C have nested functions? It's not trivial to implement nested functions such that they have the proper access to local variables in the containing function(s), so they were deliberately left out of C as a simplification. (gcc does allow them, as an extension.) For many potential uses of n... 2015-01-14, 1162👍, 0💬

Why does the ANSI Standard place limits on the length and case-significance of external identifiers?
Why does the ANSI Standard place limits on the length and case-significance of external identifiers? The problem is linkers which are under control of neither the ANSI/ISO Standard nor the C compiler developers on the systems which have them. The limitation is only that identifiers be significant in... 2015-12-04, 1160👍, 0💬

fopen isnt letting me open files like "$HOME/.profile" and "~/.myrcfile".
fopen isn't letting me open files like "$HOME/.profile" and "~/.myrcfile". Under Unix, at least, environment variables like $HOME, along with the home-directory notation involving the ~ character, are expanded by the shell, and there's no mechanism to perform these expansions automatically when you ... 2015-04-06, 1158👍, 0💬

The predefined constant M_PI seems to be missing from my machines copy of math.h.
The predefined constant M_PI seems to be missing from my machines copy of math.h. That constant (which is apparently supposed to be the value of pi, accurate to the machine's precision), is not standard; in fact a standard-conforming copy of should not #define a symbol M_PI. If you need pi, you'll h... 2015-06-24, 1156👍, 0💬

What is assert and when would I use it?
What is assert and when would I use it? It is a macro, defined in &lt;assert.h>, for testing ``assertions''. An assertion essentially documents an assumption being made by the programmer, an assumption which, if violated, would indicate a serious programming error. For example, a function which ... 2015-01-12, 1155👍, 0💬

So can I query the malloc package to find out how big an allocated block is?
So can I query the malloc package to find out how big an allocated block is? Unfortunately, there is no standard or portable way. (Some compilers provide nonstandard extensions.) If you need to know, you'll have to keep track of it yourself. 2016-03-24, 1153👍, 0💬

Is C a great language, or what?
Is C a great language, or what? Where else could you write something like a+++++b ? A: Well, you can't meaningfully write it in C, either. The rule for lexical analysis is that at each point during a straightforward left-to-right scan, the longest possible token is determined, without regard to whet... 2015-01-26, 1152👍, 0💬

I have been replacing multiplications and divisions with shift operators, because shifting is more efficient.
I have been replacing multiplications and divisions with shift operators, because shifting is more efficient. This is an excellent example of a potentially risky and usually unnecessary optimization. Any compiler worthy of the name can replace a constant, power-of-two multiplication with a left shif... 2015-02-09, 1151👍, 0💬

But what about main's third argument, envp?
But what about main's third argument, envp? It's a non-standard (though common) extension. If you really need to access the environment in ways beyond what the standard getenv function provides, though, the global variable environ is probably a better avenue (though it's equally non-standard). 2015-12-20, 1149👍, 0💬

How can I print a character in a printf format string?
How can I print a '%' character in a printf format string? I tried \%, but it didn't work. Simply double the percent sign: %% . The reason it's tricky to print % signs with printf is that % is essentially printf's escape character. Whenever printf sees a %, it expects it to be followed by a characte... 2015-11-09, 1148👍, 0💬

Why doesn't C have an exponentiation operator?
Why doesn't C have an exponentiation operator? One reason is probably that few processors have a built-in exponentiation instruction. C has a pow function (declared in &lt;math.h>) for performing exponentiation, although explicit multiplication is usually better for small positive integral expon... 2015-06-24, 1147👍, 0💬

How can I discover how many arguments a function was actually called with?
How can I discover how many arguments a function was actually called with? This information is not available to a portable program. Some old systems provided a nonstandard nargs function, but its use was always questionable, since it typically returned the number of words passed, not the number of a... 2015-06-10, 1147👍, 0💬

What is the difference between memcpy and memmove?
What is the difference between memcpy and memmove? memmove offers guaranteed behavior if the memory regions pointed to by the source and destination arguments overlap. memcpy makes no such guarantee, and may therefore be more efficiently implementable. When in doubt, it's safer to use memmove. It se... 2015-07-16, 1145👍, 0💬

How can I call a function with an argument list built up at run time?
How can I call a function with an argument list built up at run time? There is no guaranteed or portable way to do this. Instead of an actual argument list, you might consider passing an array of generic (void *) pointers. The called function can then step through the array, much like main() might s... 2015-06-03, 1144👍, 0💬

How can I recover the file name given an open stream or file descriptor?
How can I recover the file name given an open stream or file descriptor? This problem is, in general, insoluble. Under Unix, for instance, a scan of the entire disk (perhaps involving special permissions) would theoretically be required, and would fail if the descriptor were connected to a pipe or r... 2015-04-10, 1144👍, 0💬

Why isnt any of this standardized in C? Any real program has to do some of these things.
Why isnt any of this standardized in C? Any real program has to do some of these things. Actually, some standardization has occurred along the way. In the beginning, C did not have a standard library at all; programmers always had to ``roll their own'' utility routines. After several abortive attemp... 2015-02-27, 1143👍, 0💬

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.NET C C++ CSS DBA General HTML Java JavaScript JSP JUnit MySQL Networking Oracle Perl Perl PHP PL/SQL RSS Software QA SQL Server Struts Unix Windows XHTML XML